Mikael Martirosyan - Great national figure and philanthropist: Poghos Nubar Pasha
22 Pages | 3-25 | DOI: Doi:10.54503/0135-0536-2022.1-3 | Published in: 2022 N 1 (219) / Articles, reports
Among the Armenian national, public and political figures of the early 20th century, Poghos Nubar Pasha stands out with his patriotic activities. He was born in 1851 in Constantinople. As the son of Egyptian Prime Minister Nubar Pasha, he received a European education and began his career in France, later continuing his labour activities in Egypt. Poghos Nubar Pasha played a significant role in the national life of the Armenians of Egypt. He was the founder and lifetime honorary president of the General Armenian Benevolent Union. In 1912, the Catholicos of all Armenians, Gevorg the Fifth, appointed him head of the Armenian National Delegation in Europe.
Anna Asatryan - Hovhannes Nalbandyan: the first great Armenian violinist
22 Pages | 26-48 | DOI: Doi:10.54503/0135-0536-2022.1-26 | Published in: 2022 N 1 (219) / Articles, reports
Outstanding violinist and pedagogue, Honored Artist of the RSFSR (1926), Honored Art Worker of the RSFSR (1937) Hovhannes Romanovich Nalbandyan (Hovhannes Arakelovich, 1871–1942) is the brightest symbol of Armenian-Russian musical ties. Born in Simferopol (Crimea), he lived and acted in St. Petersburg for many years. The northern capital of Russia became his second homeland. A graduate of the St. Petersburg Conservatory, Professor H. R. Nalbandyan taught for 47 years at the St. Petersburg Conservatory, and then at the Leningrad Conservatory. Through Nalbandyan, the connection between the Auer violin school and the Soviet violin art was realized.
Anushavan Zakaryan - The talented son of the Lisitsyans: Levon Lisitsyan
27 Pages | 49-76 | DOI: Doi:10.54503/0135-0536-2022.1-49 | Published in: 2022 N 1 (219) / Articles, reports
January 9, 2022 marks the 130th anniversary of the birth of Levon Lisitsyan – an ethnographer, philologist, historian and public figure, the talented son of the Lisitsyans – prominent representatives of the Armenian reality of the late 19th and early 20th cc.
The short but meaningful, eventful life and activities of L. Lisitsyan can be divided into the following stages: a) student years (universities of Munich, Moscow, Vienna), during which his scientific activity was born: he was the advisor in Armenian culture to the outstanding Austrian professor of history and architecture Josef Strzygowski; b) contribution to the scientific expedition headed by J. Strzygowski, who visited Armenia from September 14 – October 4, 1913; c) participation in the actions of the Armenian volunteer squads in 1914–1915 and useful activities for the nation in the position of plenipotentiary representative in Bayazet of the Committee of Fraternal Assistance to Armenian Refugees.
Vahan Melikyan - Interstate territorial and border disputes after the declaration of independence of the Transcaucasian Republics (June–July1918)
29 Pages | 77-106 | DOI: Doi:10.54503/0135-0536-2022.1-77 | Published in: 2022 N 1 (219) / Articles, reports
The Batumi Treaty, so far the only international political act recognizing the independence of Georgia, Azerbaijan and Armenia thereby accepting the territories and conditional borders of independent republics, still could not prevent the presence of the military troops of Ottoman Turkey and Germany in the region and, in particular, in Armenia until the end of July 1918. This was evidenced by newly discovered archival documents.
From a geographic point of view, the configuration of the new borders was artificial and revealed the aggressive plans of Turkey, in particular, the plan to seize Baku.
Gegham Hovhannisyan - The Young Turk movement and the Hnchakyans (end of the 19th c. – beginning of the 20th c.)
14 Pages | 107-121 | DOI: Doi:10.54503/0135-0536-2022.1-103 | Published in: 2022 N 1 (219) / Articles, reports
At the end of the 19th century, during the rise of the national liberation movement of the Armenian people, the movement of the Young Turks – the Turkish opposition forces, was launched against the sultanate regime. The Young Turks sought to establish a constitutional, parliamentary order and put the country on a European path of development. Realizing that their forces were not sufficient to achieve this goal, the leaders of the movement tried to reach an agreement and cooperate with the subject peoples of the Ottoman Empire, including the political organizations of the Armenian people, who were fighting against the Sultanate tyranny.
Petros Demirchyan - Collecting and ethnographic activities of Garegin Srvandztyants
9 Pages | 122-131 | DOI: Doi:10.54503/0135-0536-2022.1-118 | Published in: 2022 N 1 (219) / Articles, reports
Bishop Garegin Srvandztyants (1840–1892) is one of the most merited representatives of the Armenian people, both as a devoted national-public figure and as an incomparable philologist, folklore collector and ethnographer. The most important part of his activity is a series of collections, which are the result of a diligent collection оf over a decade (1874–1884) of folk tales and traditions and wealthy ethnographic materials. The name of G. Srvandztyants is associated, in particular, with the identification, recording and publication of the first version of the Armenian national epic “Sasna Tsrer” – “David of Sassoun or Mher’s Door”.
Felix Movsisyan - “Masyats Aghavni” on the American Civil War
21 Pages | 132-153 | DOI: Doi:10.54503/0135-0536-2022.1-128 | Published in: 2022 N 1 (219) / Articles, reports
The American Civil War of 1861–1865 received a wide response in the Armenian periodical press of the time, including the “Masyats Aghavni” magazine.This periodical, which was representing the Armenian national-conservative current, was published in 1860–1865 in Theodosia edited by Archimandrite Gabriel Aivazovsky.
“Masyats Aghavni” is one of the unique Armenian periodicals that predicted the inevitability of the conflict between the northern and southern states before the start of the US Civil War. The magazine attributes this to the election of Abraham Lincoln, the representative of the Republican Party representing the interests of the northern states, which is considered one of the remarkable events of the time.
Hovhannes Ayvazyan - Once again on the question of the origin of David Bek
15 Pages | 154-169 | DOI: Doi:10.54503/0135-0536-2022.1-150 | Published in: 2022 N 1 (219) / Articles, reports
The biographical information on David Bek, the leader of the liberation movement of Syunik of the 18th century, is scant or non-existent. The combined analysis of the research conducted by different authors, separute evidence and manuscripts, enables us to conclude:
1. David Bek was presumably from Syunik, born in Tatev. In all likelihood, this was the reason he became the leader of the liberation movement of Syunik.
Mher Navoyan - Differentiation problems in the folk-professional branch of Armenian traditional music-poetic art
18 Pages | 170-188 | DOI: Doi:10.54503/0135-0536-2022.1-166 | Published in: 2022 N 1 (219) / Articles, reports
In traditional Armenian music-poetry, the manifestations of Gusan and Ashugh art very often are not differentiated. The lack of clarity on this issue is a consequence of disregarding the main characteristics of these expressions of traditional art, along with the lack of research on Gusan art in general. The absence of a clear distinction between the folk and folk-professional (secular-professional) branches of Armenian traditional musical-poetical art is also important, due to its relation to the differentiation between Gusan and Ashugh art, representing two areas of folk-professional branch.
Artsvik Suvaryan - Grammatical typology of subject and resultative participles of modern literary Eastern Armenian and German languages
11 Pages | 189-200 | DOI: Doi:10.54503/0135-0536-2022.1-185 | Published in: 2022 N 1 (219) / Articles, reports
Subject participles of modern German and literary Eastern Armenian maintain the uniformity of composition. Resultative participle of German, due to the peculiarities of the verb, appears in two different forms of composition, by revealing certain peculiarities over composition of the Resultative participle in the Armenian language. Resultative participle is closely connected with the German verb system. Being one of the three main forms of the verb, it participates in the composition of compound finite tense forms and the Simple Past.
Sona Mikayelyan - Dialectal word layer of Arabic borrowings in the Armenian language
8 Pages | 201-209 | DOI: Doi:10.54503/0135-0536-2022.1-197 | Published in: 2022 N 1 (219) / Articles, reports
The borrowed layer of vocabulary is an inseparable part of a language, formed at different stages of its historical development due to numerous extra-linguistic and linguistic factors. Synchronic and diachronic approaches to the study of borrowings aim at exploring the nature of the existing historical and cultural interrelations between the languages and the peoples of the given linguo-culture.
Garegin Tumanyan - The current state and perspectives of investigation of Cimmerian culture in the Armenian Highland
13 Pages | 210-223 | DOI: Doi:10.54503/0135-0536-2022.1-206 | Published in: 2022 N 1 (219) / Articles, reports
Cimmerians are the first historical people of Eastern Europe. The term “Cimmerian culture” is known in archaeology since the beginning of the last century. The problem of the differentation of Cimmerian and Scythian archaological complexes is very important, which has not yet found a cardinal solution, particularly – in the Western Asian region. The discussed problem was not explored in Armenian archaeology at all. Through archaeological investigation of the manifestations of Cimmerian culture in the Armenian Highland, fundamentals can be established for defining the place of Cimmerian culture among concurrent archaeological cultures of the mentioned region.
Aelita Dolukhanyan - The byzantinist and Armenologist with international fame
23 Pages | 7-30 | Published in: 2021 N 2 (217) / Articles, reports
Nicholas Adonts (1871–1942) is one of the outstanding Armenian scholars who received an excellent education in Russia and Europe. During his studies at the University of St. Petersburg and later, when he improved his knowledge in well-known educational centers of Europe – in London, Paris, Vienna, Strasbourg and Munich, Adonts had the support of the great national benefactor Alexander Mantashiants.
Petros Demirchyan - Yeghia Temirchipashyan: honored writer and intellectual
14 Pages | 31-45 | Published in: 2021 N 2 (217) / Articles, reports
Writer, publicist, philosopher, pedagogue, editor Yeghia Temirchipashyan (1851–1908) occupies a special place in the history of Armenian literature and, in particular, in the national-social, educational and cultural development of the last quarter of the 19th century. He was destined to live and create for our people, truly, in a crucial historical time, when not only national and public life, but also scientific and meaningful creative thought was undergoing rapid reforms. In the oppressive atmosphere of the Sultan’s Turkey, even the creative spirit of Armenians tried to find a way out of the developments taking place in the world, the sources of progress and the latest ways.
Anushavan Zakaryan - Osip Mandelstam: Poet and time. Armenia in his life
41 Pages | 46-87 | Published in: 2021 N 2 (217) / Articles, reports
Osip Mandelstam (1891–1938) – a prominent Russian poet (Jewish by origin), art theorist, translator – takes a special place in the history of the Soviet literature.
In the 1920–1930s, Mandelstam, being non-party man and not constantly being member of any literary association, tasted all the misfortunes that befell the intellectual class of his generation and great many ordinary Soviet citizens; he faced repressions, he was arrested twice, was sent into exile where he died.
Armen Asryan - The anti-Armenian politics of Great Britain in the Karabakh issue (1918–1920) and contemporary situation
23 Pages | 88-111 | Published in: 2021 N 2 (217) / Articles, reports
The Armenian people were hopeful that after the capitulation of Turkey in the First World War (WWI) and the dislocation of the Allies troops in Transcaucasia, territories of Western Armenia and Transcaucasia would be included within the First Republic of Armenia. However, the Armenian people experienced another disappointment.
In 1918–1920, Great Britain, who had gained dominance in Transcaucasia, ignoring the promises given to the Armenians during the war and their particular contribution to the victory of the Allies, adopted anti-Armenian attitude towards the Karabakh conflict.asryan.arm@gmail.com
Gayane Makhmourian - Tragedy of Shushi on March 23–26, 1920, as exposed in domestic and foreign historiography (in Russ.)
21 Pages | 112-133 | Published in: 2021 N 2 (217) / Articles, reports
On March 23, 1920, Turkish-Azerbaijani troops with the Moslem dwellers profited of the preemptive strike, undertook by the small detachment under plenipotentiary of the ARFD Bureau Arsen Mikayelian, and fulfilled a massacre of the Shushi Armenians with a burning the city down. This events are testified in the memoirs of the witnesses together with great amount of archival material. The total destruction of Shushi is elucidated by historians of the Republic of Armenia, as well as by Diaspora and foreign specialists.
Vahe Sargsyan - The legislative regulation of the legal status of the Georgian Orthodox Church and the Georgian Diocese of the Armenian Apostolic Church in post-Soviet Georgia
15 Pages | 134-149 | Published in: 2021 N 2 (217) / Articles, reports
Since independence, Georgia has not adopted a law regulating the field of religious organizations and defining their rights and obligations (“Law on Freedom of Conscience and Religious Organizations”). The relations between the latter and the state are regulated by a constitutional agreement approved by the Parliament as of October 22, 2002.
David Gasparyan - The border of history and art (According to the novel “The White Horseman” by Hamastegh)
21 Pages | 150-171 | Published in: 2021 N 2 (217) / Articles, reports
The novel “The White Horseman” without Chapters 3 and 4 was published in “Hayrenik” magazine of Boston (1931, №. 7, 1933, №. 12) and then in a separate book in Los Angeles (vols. 1–2, 1952), in one volume in Yerevan (2016).
The time included in the novel is the 1890s. This is a novel with a historical-political program, but it is not a historical novel. There are historical hidden figures among the heroes: Cherchi Kiros – Hrayr Dzhoghk (Armenak Ghazaryan (1864–1904), Malkhas – Gevorg Chaush (Gevorg Ghazaryan) (1870–1907)), Nairyan – the conventional image of an ideological leader. The novel has a cer¬tain ideological orientation: shortly after the Genocide, the loss of the homeland, it tries to instill in the people the spirit of victory, even the dream of victory.
Vachagan Avagyan - On relations between Father Ghevond Alishan and Vladimir Stasov
6 Pages | 172-178 | Published in: 2021 N 2 (217) / Articles, reports
Famous Russian academician, prominent art theorist and archaeologist Vladimir Stasov (1824–1906), while studying ancient Slavonic and Eastern ornamental sculptures, in 1880 visited a number of cities in Europe and the East. In Venice he visited the Mekhitarist congregation and met Father Ghevond Alishan (1820–1901) – a prominent figure of Armenian culture. With Alishan’s assistance, Stasov studied the miniature paintings of ancient Armenian manuscripts from Mekhitarian collection.
Susanna Hovhannisyan - The poet’s daughter: newly revealed pages from the Tumanyan’s family archive
15 Pages | 179-194 | Published in: 2021 N 2 (217) / Articles, reports
Among the ten children of Hovhannes Tumanyan Nvard Tu¬manyan (1892–1957) stood out for her role in the Armenian cultural and social life and especially for her contribution to the Tumanyan studies, whose life and work are remarkable and interesting not only because she was the daughter of the great poet, but also for her being a bright personality, literary scholar, devotee of Armenian culture.
Narek Martirosyan - The ways of solving the land issue according to the Armenian deptuies of the Ottoman Parliament
14 Pages | 195-209 | Published in: 2021 N 2 (217) / Articles, reports
At the end of the 19th century and at the beginning of the 20th century, the land issue remained a priority among many socio-economic, socio-political, national and other issues of Western Armenia. The land issue arose as a result of the deprivation of the Armenians of Western Armenia, the genocide, illegal taxation, the resettlement of Muslims, and other arbitrariness.
Verjine Svazlyan - Relics of the oral tradition of the Artsakh Armenians emigrated to Pyatigorsk (According to the materials recorded by the author)
14 Pages | 210-224 | Published in: 2021 N 2 (217) / Articles, reports
In 1964, under the auspice of the Institute of Archaeology and Ethnography of the Academy of Sciences of Armenia, I have a scientific trip to Pyatigorsk to study the ethnic Armenians living there. When I reached my destination, I was informed that there was a district where Armenians of Karabakh (Artsakh) lived. For me, as a folklorist-ethnographer, it was interesting to know what changes they had undergone under the conditions of coexistence with the local people, whether they remained sincere to the traditions of their cradle, etc.
Lalik Khachatryan, Lilit Khachatryan - The number-formation of adjective // noun polysemantic words in Old Armenian
12 Pages | 225-237 | Published in: 2021 N 2 (217) / Articles, reports
The number-formation patterns of noun//adjective polysemantic words depend on their structural types - simple (աջ – right, աւագ – senior, աւազակ – robber, բարբարոս – savage), derivative structures (աղանդաւոր – sectarian, ազգական – relative, գաղթական – refugee, քաղաքային – municipal, բնակիչ – inhabitant), compound (աստուածաբան – theologian, այլալեզու – foreigner, գահերէց – president, chairman, մեծամեծ – chief, ազգակից – kinsfolk, զի¬նակիր – warrior, թիկնապահ – bodyguard) and lexical meanings.