The subject of the study of lexicology comes down primarily to a diachronic consideration of the extra-linguistic, socio-historical nature of the lexical composition of a language, for which lexicography is an indispensable source. This study is based on the sociolinguistic and systemic-semantic aspects of the study of vocabulary. The first involves the characterization and classification of words according to external socio-historical factors (borrowings from different forms of language), according to the peculiarities of the use of words (archaisms, neologisms), and according to professional areas of use of words (terms). In the case of the second, the center of consideration is the internal semantic structure of the lexeme, view at the vocabulary as a system.

Keywordslexical semantics lexical-semantic set lexical-semantic group lexeme semantic structure archiseme nuclear seme peripheral seme.