Lilit Hovhannisyan - Stages of diplomatic discussions of the Armenian question in 1878–1923 according to the assessment of Armenian historical science (1991–2023)

30 Pages | 100-130 | DOI: Doi:10.54503/0135-0536-2024.1-100 |

Revceived on: 2024-01-17 | Reviewed on: 2024-01-31 | Accepted for printing on: 2024-03-22

Published in: 2024 N 1 (225) / History

Abstract / Keywords

During the 32 years of independence of the Republic of Armenia, Armenian historians have done valuable work in the direction of analyzing and evaluating both the collective obligations of the Great powers, their content and the Middle Eastern interests of each of the powers, their interstate conflicts on the issue of Western Armenia. In this context, the main stages of the diplomatic content of the Armenian question, from the reforms of Western Armenia to autonomy, then to independence, and then to the protection of the rights of the Armenian national minority in Turkey, were revealed.

Keywords Armenian question Republic of Armenia historical science Western Armenia reforms autonomy independence self-determination peace treaty secret agreements.

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Mikael Martirosyan - The role of Grigor Zohrap in the conclusion of the Russian-German Agreement of 1913

20 Pages | 72-92 | DOI: Doi:10.54503/0135-0536-2023.3-72 |

Revceived on: 2023-04-10 | Reviewed on: 2023-05-02 | Accepted for printing on: 2023-11-29

Published in: 2023 N 3 (224) / History

Abstract / Keywords

Grigor Zohrap is one of the luminaries of the Western Armenian intelligentsia of the late 19th and early 20th centuries. The concern for the plight of the Western Armenian people and the future of Armenia pushed him to social and political activities from a very young age. The high public reputation made it possible for Zohrap to be elected a deputy of the Young Turk Parliament for three times in a row, from 1908 to 1914. His political activity is a vivid example of serving his native people with unwavering dedication and political courage, which deserves admiration and gratitude.

KeywordsGrigor Zohrap Armenian reforms the Armenian Patriarchate of Constantinople Russian-German compromise agreement H. Wangenheim M. Girs A. Mandelstam.

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Mikael Martirosyan - Great national figure and philanthropist: Poghos Nubar Pasha

22 Pages | 3-25 | DOI: Doi:10.54503/0135-0536-2022.1-3 |

Revceived on: 2021-12-06 | Reviewed on: 2021-12-21 | Accepted for printing on: 2022-03-07

Published in: 2022 N 1 (219) / Articles, reports

Abstract / Keywords

Among the Armenian national, public and political figures of the early 20th century, Poghos Nubar Pasha stands out with his patriotic activities. He was born in 1851 in Constantinople. As the son of Egyptian Prime Minister Nubar Pasha, he received a European education and began his career in France, later continuing his labour activities in Egypt. Poghos Nubar Pasha played a significant role in the national life of the Armenians of Egypt. He was the founder and lifetime honorary president of the General Armenian Benevolent Union. In 1912, the Catholicos of all Armenians, Gevorg the Fifth, appointed him head of the Armenian National Delegation in Europe.

KeywordsPoghos Nubar Pasha Gevorg the Fifth Patriarchate of Constantinople Armenian National Delegation Armenian reforms Russian-Turkish agreement Treaty of Sevres AGBU great philanthropist national figure Marie Nubar.

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Gegham Hovhannisyan - The Young Turk movement and the Hnchakyans (end of the 19th c. – beginning of the 20th c.)

14 Pages | 107-121 | DOI: Doi:10.54503/0135-0536-2022.1-103 |

Revceived on: 2021-10-01 | Reviewed on: 2022-01-10 | Accepted for printing on: 2022-01-20

Published in: 2022 N 1 (219) / Articles, reports

Abstract / Keywords

At the end of the 19th century, during the rise of the national liberation movement of the Armenian people, the movement of the Young Turks – the Turkish opposition forces, was launched against the sultanate regime. The Young Turks sought to establish a constitutional, parliamentary order and put the country on a European path of development. Realizing that their forces were not sufficient to achieve this goal, the leaders of the movement tried to reach an agreement and cooperate with the subject peoples of the Ottoman Empire, including the political organizations of the Armenian people, who were fighting against the Sultanate tyranny.

KeywordsYoung Turk Movement Hnchakyans Ottoman Empire reforms Armenian Question Autonomous Armenia Stepan Sapah-Gyulyan.

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Anushavan Zakaryan , Gayane Makhmourian - Letters by Mkrtich Khrimian, dated 30 May 1904, to the presidents of France the USA in the context of the reform programs for Western Armenia

20 Pages | 36-56 | DOI: Doi:10.54503/0135-0536-2025.1-36 |

Revceived on: 2024-12-11 | Reviewed on: 2025-02-20 | Accepted for printing on: 2025-03-27

Published in: 2025 N 1 (228) / History

Abstract / Keywords

An irreconcilable struggle was waged in 1878–1904, and particularly since 1895, between the block of Great Powers seeking to implement reforms in Western Armenia, that suffered under the yoke of the Ottoman Empire, and the longing of the Sublime Porte to abort these processes. England, France and Russia, notwithstanding all controversies and rivalries between them, elaborated joint programs to establish capitalist fundamentals in the Ottoman Empire.

Keywordsletters by Mkrtich Khrimian Western Armenia Ottoman Empire reforms massacres self- defense of Sasun in 1904 Theodore Roosevelt Emile Loubet Edward VII Hovsep Sarajian Sahak Ayvatian Andranik Ozanian Gevorg Chaush Gegham Ter-Karapetian.

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Heriknaz Vorskanyan - Prominent Armenologist Manuk Abeghyan at the origins of the Academic Science

27 Pages | 73-100 | DOI: Doi:10.54503/0135-0536-2025.2-73 |

Revceived on: 2025-04-18 | Reviewed on: 2025-05-22 | Accepted for printing on: 2025-07-11

Published in: 2025 N 2 (229) / Literary studies

Abstract / Keywords

One of the outstanding representatives of the Armenian philology is Manuk Abeghyan (1885–1944), Doctor of Philosophy, Doctor of Social Sciences, Honored Scientist, Academician of the Academy of Sciences of Armenia. M. Abeghyan's research works were of fundamental importance in several branches of Armenology, i.e. philology, literary studies, linguistics. He laid the foundation for the scientific study of prosody.

KeywordsManuk Abeghyan pedagogue national-public figure Armenologist orthographic reforms prosody theory methodology.

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