Historical and philological journal
PUBLISHED SINCE 1958

ԼՈՒՅՍ Է ՏԵՍՆՈՒՄ 1958 ԹՎԱԿԱՆԻՑ
Историко-филологический журнал
ИЗДАЕТСЯ С 1958 ГОДА
  • Anahit Astoyan - The economic activity of the armenians of constantinople (End of the 19th century – beginning of the 20th century) (in Eng.)
    22 Pages | 5-27 | DOI: Doi:10.54503/0135-0536-2024.2-3 |

    Revceived on: 2023-10-12 | Reviewed on: 2024-03-19 | Accepted for printing on: 2024-07-10

    Published in: 2024 N 2 (226) / History

    For centuries, the ruling element in the Ottoman Empire, the Turks, were engaged only in the administration of the country, leaving the economic field to the Christians of the country. Armenians, Greeks and other subject nations of the empire worked for centuries to keep the country’s economy prosperous1. After the Crimean war of 1853–1856, when the Ottoman Empire began to strengthen its relations with Europe and modernize its economy, Armenians were ready to play an important role between the empire and Europe. Armenian merchants knew European languages and the newest methods of European trade. That is why they were able to become mediators of Turkish–European trade and occupy an influential position in Turkish–European trade.

    KeywordsConstantinople Ottoman Empire the Armenians of Constantinople Greeks periodic press trading company import export khan workshop factory

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  • - From the history of religious contradictions in the Armenian community of Constantinople (1715–1764)
    17 Pages | 3-20 | DOI: Doi:10.54503/0135-0536-2024.3-3 |

    Revceived on: 2024-10-04 | Reviewed on: 2024-10-11 | Accepted for printing on: 2024-11-21

    Published in: 2024 N 3 (227) / History

    During the reign of Armenian Patriarch Hovhannes Kolot of Constantinople, thanks to his prudence, frequent outbreaks of splits in the Armenian Community were prevented. Negotiation processes with Armenian Catholics were expanded. For Hovhannes Kolot and his associates, the basis of the dialogues was that the Catholics being members of the Armenian Community should refrain from confrontations against the national church, which would also help to avoid persecution by the state. Instead, as the facts show, the leaders of the community provided Armenian Catholics a stage (for sermons) in the national churches, banned the anti-Chalcedonian demonstrations in those churches, etc. In a number of issues, Hovhannes Kolot cooperated with the French ambassador to Constantinople, who was guided not by religious limitations but by the political interests of France.

    KeywordsArmenian Community of Constantinople Armenian Catholics Hovhannes Kolot Grigor Shirvantsi (Shgtayakir) St. Hakobyants Monastery Hakop Nalyan Petros Kyutur religious contradictions Angora translated Catholic literature.

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  • Silvart Malhasyan (Istanbul) - Assistance of the Armenians of Constantinople to the First Republic of Armenia and Soviet Armenia (1919–1920)
    15 Pages | 21-36 | DOI: Doi:10.54503/0135-0536-2024.3-21 |

    Revceived on: 2024-03-13 | Reviewed on: 2024-03-07 | Accepted for printing on: 2024-11-21

    Published in: 2024 N 3 (227) / History

    From the very first days, the Armenians of Constantinople welcomed the proclamation of the First Republic of Armenia in May 1918, but could not openly express their feelings. After the official recognition of the Armenian Republic by the Paris Peace Conference on January 19, 1920, they showed their enthusiasm much more freely and began to participate in helping their Motherland. The assistance to Armenia was organized by the religious leaders of three churches headed by the Armenian Patriarchate of Turkey. Various cultural events were held.

    Keywordsthe Armenians of Constantinople First Republic of Armenia Soviet Armenia periodicals Armenian Patriarchate of Constantinople government loan bond.

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  • Albert Kharatyan - The Armenian Patriarchate of Jerusalem and the Greek–Armenian confrontation around the Holy Places (1700s–1730s)
    18 Pages | 55-73 | DOI: Doi:10.54503/0135-0536-2023.1-55 |

    Revceived on: 2023-01-29 | Reviewed on: 2023-02-13 | Accepted for printing on: 2023-03-23

    Published in: 2023 N 1 (222) / History

    Since the end of the 17th century, the Armenian Patriarchates of Jerusalem and Constantinople have faced trials and overcoming their grave consequences. The Patriarchate of Constantinople, weakened by theological strife, was unable to maintain the inviolability of the Jerusalem monastery of St. Jacob. The monastery was at the mercy of adventurers and greedy representatives of the local elite, who ruthlessly plundered the property of the monastery. The frequent change of patriarchs led to the fact that even the very existence of the Armenian congregation in Jerusalem was called into question.

    KeywordsArmenian Patriarchate of Jerusalem Armenian Patriarchate of Constantinople properties of Holy Places Hovhannes Hannah Patriarch Avetik Patriarch Hovhannes Kolot Patriarch Grigor Shirvantsi Faizullah Mufti Greek Patriarch Meletios of Jerusalem.

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  • Mariam Hovsepyan - Armenian newspapers of Constantinopole on “Nemesis” operation (1920–1922)
    13 Pages | 100-113 | DOI: Doi:10.54503/0135-0536-2023.2-100 |

    Revceived on: 2023-06-08 | Reviewed on: 2023-06-11 | Accepted for printing on: 2023-06-19

    Published in: 2023 N 2 (223) / History

    At the 9th General Meeting of the ARF - Dashnaktsutyun, held in Yerevan on September 27-October 30, 1919, a decision was made to conduct a punitive operation “Nemesis” against the organizers of the Armenian Genocide. These acts had a great public response, which was reflected on the pages of the Constantinople Armenian periodicals “Zhoghovurdy dzayn, Zhamanak”, “Verjin lur”, and “Chakatamart” in 1920-1922.

    KeywordsArmenian newspapers of Constantinople “Nemesis” operation Ottoman military court Armenian avengers Armenian Genocide organizers of the Armenian Genocide.

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  • Mikael Martirosyan - The role of Grigor Zohrap in the conclusion of the Russian-German Agreement of 1913
    20 Pages | 72-92 | DOI: Doi:10.54503/0135-0536-2023.3-72 |

    Revceived on: 2023-04-10 | Reviewed on: 2023-05-02 | Accepted for printing on: 2023-11-29

    Published in: 2023 N 3 (224) / History

    Grigor Zohrap is one of the luminaries of the Western Armenian intelligentsia of the late 19th and early 20th centuries. The concern for the plight of the Western Armenian people and the future of Armenia pushed him to social and political activities from a very young age. The high public reputation made it possible for Zohrap to be elected a deputy of the Young Turk Parliament for three times in a row, from 1908 to 1914. His political activity is a vivid example of serving his native people with unwavering dedication and political courage, which deserves admiration and gratitude.

    KeywordsGrigor Zohrap Armenian reforms the Armenian Patriarchate of Constantinople Russian-German compromise agreement H. Wangenheim M. Girs A. Mandelstam.

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  • Mikael Martirosyan - Great national figure and philanthropist: Poghos Nubar Pasha
    22 Pages | 3-25 | DOI: Doi:10.54503/0135-0536-2022.1-3 |

    Revceived on: 2021-12-06 | Reviewed on: 2021-12-21 | Accepted for printing on: 2022-03-07

    Published in: 2022 N 1 (219) / Articles, reports

    Among the Armenian national, public and political figures of the early 20th century, Poghos Nubar Pasha stands out with his patriotic activities. He was born in 1851 in Constantinople. As the son of Egyptian Prime Minister Nubar Pasha, he received a European education and began his career in France, later continuing his labour activities in Egypt. Poghos Nubar Pasha played a significant role in the national life of the Armenians of Egypt. He was the founder and lifetime honorary president of the General Armenian Benevolent Union. In 1912, the Catholicos of all Armenians, Gevorg the Fifth, appointed him head of the Armenian National Delegation in Europe.

    KeywordsPoghos Nubar Pasha Gevorg the Fifth Patriarchate of Constantinople Armenian National Delegation Armenian reforms Russian-Turkish agreement Treaty of Sevres AGBU great philanthropist national figure Marie Nubar.

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  • Anushavan Zakaryan - The talented son of the Lisitsyans: Levon Lisitsyan
    27 Pages | 49-76 | DOI: Doi:10.54503/0135-0536-2022.1-49 |

    Revceived on: 2021-12-27 | Reviewed on: 2022-02-23 | Accepted for printing on: 2022-03-03

    Published in: 2022 N 1 (219) / Articles, reports

    January 9, 2022 marks the 130th anniversary of the birth of Levon Lisitsyan – an ethnographer, philologist, historian and public figure, the talented son of the Lisitsyans – prominent representatives of the Armenian reality of the late 19th and early 20th cc. The short but meaningful, eventful life and activities of L. Lisitsyan can be divided into the following stages: a) student years (universities of Munich, Moscow, Vienna), during which his scientific activity was born: he was the advisor in Armenian culture to the outstanding Austrian professor of history and architecture Josef Strzygowski; b) contribution to the scientific expedition headed by J. Strzygowski, who visited Armenia from September 14 – October 4, 1913; c) participation in the actions of the Armenian volunteer squads in 1914–1915 and useful activities for the nation in the position of plenipotentiary representative in Bayazet of the Committee of Fraternal Assistance to Armenian Refugees.

    Keywordsthe Lisitsyans Levon Lisitsyan Tiflis Moscow Vienna J. Strzygowski T. Toramanyan volunteer squads Petrograd N. Marr L. Auer Constantinople Yerevan Sarikamish Etchmiadzin Hov. Tumanyan Av. Isahakyan Al. Kulebyakin K. Bakhshi.

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  • Narek Martirosyan - The ways of solving the land issue according to the Armenian deptuies of the Ottoman Parliament
    14 Pages | 195-209 |

    Revceived on: 2021-05-07 | Reviewed on: 2021-06-15 | Accepted for printing on: 2021-06-23

    Published in: 2021 N 2 (217) / Articles, reports

    At the end of the 19th century and at the beginning of the 20th century, the land issue remained a priority among many socio-economic, socio-political, national and other issues of Western Armenia. The land issue arose as a result of the deprivation of the Armenians of Western Armenia, the genocide, illegal taxation, the resettlement of Muslims, and other arbitrariness.

    Keywords: Ottoman parliament Armenian deputies Western Armenia land issue Armenian patriarchy in Constantinople commitee of land grabbing land law Imperial edict.

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  • David Gasparyan - Petros Duryan’s artistic world
    27 Pages | 32-59 | DOI: Doi.10.52853/01350536-2021.3-32 |

    Revceived on: 2021-07-22 | Reviewed on: 2021-08-17 | Accepted for printing on: 2021-10-11

    Published in: 2021 N 3 (218) / Articles, reports

    This year marks the 170th anniversary of the birth of the classic of Armenian literature Petros Duryan. He lived only 20 years, turning his death into a poem, passing away with incurable tuberculosis. Still a schoolboy Duryan became known as a poet and playwrighter. He wrote his first poem at the age of 13 and his first drama at the age of 15.

    KeywordsPetros Duryan Western Armenian ne–she theater to love to break an oath pond murmur death grave memory Armenia Constantinople Scutar.

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  • Anushavan Zakaryan - Yuri Veselovsky on Armenian Theater and Theatrical Figures
    31 Pages | 180-211 | DOI: 10.54503/0135-0536-2026.1-180 |

    Revceived on: 2026-02-06 | Reviewed on: 2026-03-22 | Accepted for printing on: 2026-03-20

    Published in: 2026 N 1(231) / Arts

    History, culture and literature of the Armenian people were subjects of comprehensive study conducted by Yuri Veselovsky (1872–1919), a famous Russian scientist, literary critic, philologist, translator and Armenologist. The great humanist believed it essential to acquaint the Russian society with the centuries-old history of the Armenian people, with its rich cultural heritage. The scientist's research in these fields is a valuable contribution to the development of Armenian studies in Russia.

    KeywordsYu. Veselovsky Armenian ancient drama theaters in Constantinople and Tiflis theatrical figures P. Adamian M. Peshiktashlian G. Sundukian P. Kornel L. Shant.

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