At the end of the 19th and beginning of the 20th centuries, breweries were opened one after another in the cities of Transcaucasia. Based on the newly discovered archival documents and official statistical data, it is shown that the most viable breweries in the Yerevan province were the factories of the Dzitoghtsyans and Tsaghikyans in Alexandropol and Avetyants in Yerevan. They were in operation until World War I and contributed to the revival of Armenian urban life. After the sovietization of Armenia in December 1920, the above mentioned factories were nationalized and put back into operation.

Keywordsbeer factory production alcoholic beverages Yerevan province Nikolay Smanov Mkrtich Dzitoghtsyan Yegor Oskanov (Voskanyan) Khachatur Avetyants Harutyun Avetyants Hamazasp Tsaghikyan.

January 9, 2022 marks the 130th anniversary of the birth of Levon Lisitsyan – an ethnographer, philologist, historian and public figure, the talented son of the Lisitsyans – prominent representatives of the Armenian reality of the late 19th and early 20th cc. The short but meaningful, eventful life and activities of L. Lisitsyan can be divided into the following stages: a) student years (universities of Munich, Moscow, Vienna), during which his scientific activity was born: he was the advisor in Armenian culture to the outstanding Austrian professor of history and architecture Josef Strzygowski; b) contribution to the scientific expedition headed by J. Strzygowski, who visited Armenia from September 14 – October 4, 1913; c) participation in the actions of the Armenian volunteer squads in 1914–1915 and useful activities for the nation in the position of plenipotentiary representative in Bayazet of the Committee of Fraternal Assistance to Armenian Refugees.

Keywordsthe Lisitsyans Levon Lisitsyan Tiflis Moscow Vienna J. Strzygowski T. Toramanyan volunteer squads Petrograd N. Marr L. Auer Constantinople Yerevan Sarikamish Etchmiadzin Hov. Tumanyan Av. Isahakyan Al. Kulebyakin K. Bakhshi.

Public-political figure Hovhannes Ter-Martirosyan, known under the pseudonym A-Do, was born on January 4, 1867 in Nor Bayazet town. Here he received his primary education. In 1881 he moved to Yerevan where he graduated from a diocesan school and later studied at the Kharkov University (1905), at the St. Petersburg Psychoneurological Institute (1907). A-Do was an eyewitness to the Russian Revolution (1905-1907), the Armenian-Tartar clashes (1905-1906). He thoroughly studied the causes of the clashes and wrote a special work on the conflict ‒ “Armenian-Turkish clash of 1905-1906” (1907).

KeywordsA-Do Nor Bayаzet Yerevan Dashnaktsutyun Armenian-Tartar clashes Artsakh Van Rostom Aram Manukyan Nikol Aghbalyan February Revolution Salmast Sardarapat Garegin Nzhdeh.

A young man from Artsakh, Sargis Mehrabian, also known as Khanasori Vardan (Vardan of Khanasor) or simply Vardan, devoted himself to the Armenian Liberation Movement as early as 1890. Having received the baptism of fire in the campaign headed by Sargis Kukunian, he joined the Armenian Haiduk Movement. From 1894 to 1896, he took part in the self-defense of Van-Vaspurakan and carried out work on organizing resistance groups in Armenian settlements. The Khanasor expedition of 1897 can be considered the apogee of Vardan’s Haiduk activity against the Kurdish Mazrykan tribe. Having returned to the Caucasus ‒ Baku, he started writing his memoirs, which cover the events through 1894 to 1896.

KeywordsSargis Mehrabian Shushi Van Sevkaretsi Sako Khanasor Simon Zavarian Cilicia Rostom Armenian-Tatar clashes First World War volunteer movement genocide Aram Manukian Baku Yerevan.

Osip Mandelstam (1891–1938) – a prominent Russian poet (Jewish by origin), art theorist, translator – takes a special place in the history of the Soviet literature. In the 1920–1930s, Mandelstam, being non-party man and not constantly being member of any literary association, tasted all the misfortunes that befell the intellectual class of his generation and great many ordinary Soviet citizens; he faced repressions, he was arrested twice, was sent into exile where he died.

KeywordsO. Mandelstam N. Mandelstam N. Bukharin I. Erenburg S. Ter-Gabrielyan M. Shahinyan Yerevan Shushi Tiflis Ye. Charents Armenian theme “Journey to Armenia”.

The Urartian (Biainian) tomb of Yerevan is situated in the capital city of the Republic of Armenia, within the area now occupied by “Yerevan Mall”. Discovered in 1984 during construction activities, it has since been the subject of detailed archaeological investigation. Although several comprehensive studies have been devoted to the monument, none have addressed the engraved symbols found on one of the façade stones near the entrance and on two tuff fragments uncovered in close proximity to the façade.

KeywordsUrartu Urartian tomb of Yerevan Etiuni Achaemenid cuneiform unknown script Armenia cryptography.

Arshak Chobanyan (1872–1954) – a writer, literary scholar, critic and a pub¬lisher – was a unique figure in the Armenian literary life. It is worth noting his respect for Charents (1897–1937) and his art. In his numerous reviews and articles published in the journal “Anahit” and in the weekly “Apaga”, Chobanyan highly appreciated Charents as a poet of national and pan-European value emphasizing his poetic innovation, which was reflected in creating innovative characters and forms.

KeywordsCharents Chobanyan Makintsyan “Anahit” journal “Apaga” weekly Paris letter article Yerevan assessment