Historical and philological journal
PUBLISHED SINCE 1958

ԼՈՒՅՍ Է ՏԵՍՆՈՒՄ 1958 ԹՎԱԿԱՆԻՑ
Историко-филологический журнал
ИЗДАЕТСЯ С 1958 ГОДА
  • Zarine Sarajyan - Hamo Sahyan: Literary portrait
    18 Pages | 98-116 | DOI: Doi:10.54503/0135-0536-2024.3-98 |

    Revceived on: 2024-06-21 | Reviewed on: 2024-06-24 | Accepted for printing on: 2024-11-21

    Published in: 2024 N 3 (227) / Literary studies

    Hamo Sahyan (Hmayak Sahaki Grigoryan, 1914–1993) is an outstanding Armenian poet. His first collection of poems, entitled “On the Banks of the Vorotan”, was published in 1946. Later, he published the collections “On the Peak” (1955), “Nairyan Green Poplar” (1958), “Armenia in the Songs” (1962), “Before Sunset” 1964), “Song of the Cliffs” (1968), “Open, Sezam” (1972) etc.

    KeywordsHamo Sahyan poetry nature man worldview pantheism homeland literary relations translation art philosophy.

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  • Ruben Karapetyan - Intensification of geopolitical struggle in the South Caucasus in the context of formation of the New Middle East after the Artsakh war in 2020 (in Russ.)
    9 Pages | 222-231 | DOI: Doi:10.54503/0135-0536-2024.3-222 |

    Revceived on: 2024-10-16 | Reviewed on: 2024-10-31 | Accepted for printing on: 2024-11-21

    Published in: 2024 N 3 (227) / Discussions

    The South Caucasus region historically has always been connected with the Middle East and throughout history has been an arena of struggle between world empires and regional powers. After the Artsakh war in 2020, the Middle East is much "closer" to the South Caucasus, where the Iranian-Israeli confrontation may spread. In the context of an unprecedented number of actors in the South Caucasus and a certain geopolitical vacuum that has been created, the countries of the region are forced to reconsider their previously established relations with the centers of power.

    Keywords South Caucasus New Middle East Karabakh conflict Artsakh war Russian Federation Turkey Israel Iran Arab countries Armenia collective West new world order.

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  • Marine Sargsyan - Avetik Isahakyan’s “little Tragedies”
    15 Pages | 112-127 | DOI: Doi:10.54503/0135-0536-2023.1-112 |

    Revceived on: 2022-10-06 | Reviewed on: 2022-12-26 | Accepted for printing on: 2023-03-23

    Published in: 2023 N 1 (222) / Literature

    became an exceptional life experience, creative reflection of which are the short stories of “One Week With a Convict”, “Kurd Amo” and “Bayram Ali”. Born from the creative idea of “From Рrison Мemories”, they turned into multilayered “little tragedies”. Perfected and revised by the author, wise with vast life experience, they in a certain way crystallized eternal conflicts that occur in different planes of nature and human existence. Inside – between the consciousness and unconsciousness, outside – between the worlds created by nature and created by man, between the inner and outer, as well as several basic tragedies of the destruction of man, the individual, resulting from these conflicts and in addition, derivative-adjacent tragedies of human involvement and non-involvement in human suffering. Moreover, all these tragedies are panhuman and eternal.

    KeywordsAvetik Isahakyan artistic prose creative project memoir short story prison cross tragedy microworld macroworld key idea humanistic world view.

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  • Burastan Zulumyan (Moscow) - Tiran Chrakyan (Intra) and his Collection of Poems “Cypress Country” (in Russ.)
    25 Pages | 128-153 | DOI: Doi:10.54503/0135-0536-2023.1-128 |

    Revceived on: 2022-09-01 | Reviewed on: 2022-09-05 | Accepted for printing on: 2023-03-23

    Published in: 2023 N 1 (222) / Literature

    Tyran Chrakyan (1875–1921) is one of the outstanding Western Armenian poets of the early twentieth century, author of the lyrical and philosophical prose poem “Inner World” (1906) and the poetic cycle “Cypress Country” published in 1908. The poetry of the “Cypress Country” collection is based on the symbolic aesthetics of the world perception. The collection consists of forty poems that are closely interrelated to the lyrical plot. The lyrical hero, as the embodiment of perfection and the link between the earth and heaven, reflects on cypresses.

    Keywords Tyran Chrakyan Intra “Cypress Country” sonnets symbolism beauty perfection another world.

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  • Syranush Margaryan - Cultural and historical school and its influence on the works of Father Ghevond Alishan and Garegin Srvandztyants
    16 Pages | 163-179 | DOI: Doi:10.54503/0135-0536-2023.3-163 |

    Revceived on: 2023-08-28 | Reviewed on: 2023-09-04 | Accepted for printing on: 2023-11-29

    Published in: 2023 N 3 (224) / Literary studies

    The cultural-historical school as a cultural-philosophical theory is a set of ideas directly related to historical time, geographical environment and race. Having been formed in France in the last decades of the XІX century, it soon became known throughout the European continent and had many followers in different countries (G. Brandes, P. Lacombe, J. Renard, N. Pipin, etc.). Taking into account the intercultural ties that developed during this period, it becomes obvious that Armenian thinkers could not stay away from this pan-European philosophical and cultural movement. This influence is especially clearly noticeable in the scientific and artistic works of two great Armenologists - Father Ghevond Alishan and Garegin Srvandztyants.

    KeywordsHippolyte Adolphe Taine cultural and historical school Father Ghevond Alishan The Mkhitaryans Garegin Srvandztyants philosophy of aestheticism historicism; the trinomial formula of environment historical moment and race; Eurocentric worldview synchronicity.

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  • Ruben Sahakyan - Sargis Mehrabian (Khanasori Vardan)
    26 Pages | 3-29 | DOI: Doi:10.54503/0135-0536-2022.3-3 |

    Revceived on: 2022-07-14 | Reviewed on: 2022-10-18 | Accepted for printing on: 2022-11-09

    Published in: 2022 N 3 (221) / History

    A young man from Artsakh, Sargis Mehrabian, also known as Khanasori Vardan (Vardan of Khanasor) or simply Vardan, devoted himself to the Armenian Liberation Movement as early as 1890. Having received the baptism of fire in the campaign headed by Sargis Kukunian, he joined the Armenian Haiduk Movement. From 1894 to 1896, he took part in the self-defense of Van-Vaspurakan and carried out work on organizing resistance groups in Armenian settlements. The Khanasor expedition of 1897 can be considered the apogee of Vardan’s Haiduk activity against the Kurdish Mazrykan tribe. Having returned to the Caucasus ‒ Baku, he started writing his memoirs, which cover the events through 1894 to 1896.

    KeywordsSargis Mehrabian Shushi Van Sevkaretsi Sako Khanasor Simon Zavarian Cilicia Rostom Armenian-Tatar clashes First World War volunteer movement genocide Aram Manukian Baku Yerevan.

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  • Tadevos Khachatryan - Image of the world according to Hovhannes Tumanyan
    19 Pages | 113-132 | DOI: Doi:10.54503/0135-0536-2022.3-113 |

    Revceived on: 2022-10-10 | Reviewed on: 2022-10-12 | Accepted for printing on: 2022-11-09

    Published in: 2022 N 3 (221) / Literature

    Creative heritage of Hovhannes Tumanyan occupies the most important place in the Armenian literature and in the entire spiritual culture. The poet's creative works has become the best embodiment of the past and present of Armenia, its spiritual power and artistic traditions.

    KeywordsTumanyan image world analytical philosophy structuralism picture of motives associations mythological character collective archetype theory of expression.

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  • Gayane Kocharyan, Gayane Kocharyan - The eternal sacrament of Dvin fortress-sanctuary
    11 Pages | 180-191 |

    Revceived on: 2021-02-25 | Reviewed on: 2021-03-02 | Accepted for printing on: 2021-03-29

    Published in: 2021 N 1 (216) / Articles, reports

    The comparative analysis of the results of investigations based on archaeological and written sources, as well as the new data of mythology and ethnography enable to reveal the cultic sacrament of fortress-sanctuary Dvin. Near the main route Vagharshapat–Artashat the multilayer traditional sanctuary Dvin and the oracle Yerazamuyn (according to Agatangeghos – the historian of the 5th c., – god Tir was worshipped here at the 3rd century BC) were interconnected as a complete cultic complex. In this sanctuary during the Classical period in the actual process of syncretization the cult of the guardian deities of light was manifested in the image of the luminous triad Tir-Apollo-Mithra.

    Keywordsmultilayer site Dvin traditional sanctuary world-view perceptions religious syncretization luminous triad Tir-Apollo-Mithra St. Gregory the Illuminator eternal sacrament cult of light.

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  • Narine Dilbaryan - Words of Iranian origin for the concept of “Home, Dwelling” in the work “History of Armenia” by Movses Khorenatsi
    13 Pages | 136-149 | DOI: Doi:10.54503/0135-0536-2025.1-136 |

    Revceived on: 2024-11-22 | Reviewed on: 2024-12-10 | Accepted for printing on: 2025-03-27

    Published in: 2025 N 1 (228) / Linguistics

    The basic units of the ancient Armenian, which express the concept of “home, dwelling” are characteristic of all phases of the development of the literary Armenian language. In other words, these are common Armenian words passed into the modern literary language and dialects from the classical Armenian language. Most of the words related to the concept of “home, dwelling” are simple roots used in the formation of word combinations. Statistically, the most significant group consists of words with suffixes, followed by compound words.

    Keywordsthe concept of “home dwelling” world view cultural interaction Iranian borrowings etymology semantics word formation.

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  • Gohar Vardumyan , Karen Tokhatyan - The petroglyphs of Armenia and their environment as a sacred area (in Eng.)
    20 Pages | 226-246 | DOI: Doi:10.54503/0135-0536-2025.2-226 |

    Revceived on: 2025-05-13 | Reviewed on: 2025-05-07 | Accepted for printing on: 2025-07-11

    Published in: 2025 N 2 (229) / Cultural studies

    In ancient Armenia there were various types of sanctuaries and sacred places. They served the purpose of worship and its various manifestations, in which the ritual, its traditions and customs were significant and important. In archaic times the petroglyph environment was also a unique sacred area. The votive elements, in various forms of expressions, are present in many scenes and compositions.

    KeywordsArmenia rock carving cult worship mythology world creation magic ritual imaginary creature cosmological ideas patriarch Hayk dragon-vishap symbol.

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  • Armen Karapetyan - Coverage of the Armenian volunteer movement in the “Horizon” newspaper (October 1914 – July 1916)
    16 Pages | 41-57 | DOI: DOI: 10.54503/0135-0536-2025.3-41 |

    Revceived on: 2025-09-07 | Reviewed on: 2025-10-31 | Accepted for printing on: 2025-11-17

    Published in: 2025 N 3 (230) / History

    The forerunner of the Armenian volunteer movement was the fedayeen movement, which arose in Western Armenia at the end of the 19th century as a stronghold of armed resistance against the Ottoman enslavers. The volunteer movement was the continuation of the national liberation struggle and was driven by the aspiration of the Armenians to liberate Western Armenia from Ottoman oppression. The formation of the movement was also supported by the favorable position of Tsarist Russia, the authorities of which encouraged it in every possible way.

    KeywordsWorld War I Armenian volunteer regiments the ''Horizon'' newspaper massacres Armenian refugees defensive battles the Tsarist authorities heroic commanders liberated Van

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